Kecernaan Invitro Silase Pakan Berserat Pelepah Sawit dan Ampas Tebu dengan Penambahan Urea dan Molases
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46918/peternakan.v8i2.3257Keywords:
Rumen, Kecernaaan, Silase, PakanAbstract
Palm frond leaves and bagasse are feed sources that have several nutritional limitations in the form of low protein content and high crude fiber to improve the nutrition of these two materials, fermentation in the form of silage is carried out. This study aims to evaluate the in vitro rumen digestibility value of palm frond leaf and bagasse silage feed with the addition of molasses and urea. The research method used an completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replicates. The treatments used were P1 (palm frond silage + sugarcane bagasse), P2 (palm frond silage + sugarcane bagasse + 5% molasses), P3 (palm frond silage + bagasse + 5% urea), P4 (palm frond silage + bagasse + 2.5% molasses + 2.5% urea), and P4 (palm frond silage + bagasse + 5% molasses + 5% urea). The parameters observed included rumen pH, dry matter, organic matter, dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), and organic matter digestibility (IVOMD). The results showed that rumen pH, dry matter digestibility, and organic matter digestibility were significantly affected (P<0.05) by the differences in molasses and urea additives in oil palm frond silage and bagasse. The conclusion of this study is that treatment P2 (oil palm frond silage + sugarcane bagasse + 5% molasses) was the best treatment because it increased dry matter and organic matter digestibility and maintained rumen pH stability
References
Bolsen, K.K.,Ashbell, G., & Weinberg, Z.G. 1996. Silage fermentation and silage additives—Review. Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci, 9, 483–494. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.1996.483
Bostami, A.B., Khan, M.R., Amin, R.I., Sarker., M.R., Pervage, N.R., S., & Hasan, K. (2008). Effect of addition of molasses and period of preservation on physical and nutritional properties of maize stover silage. Journal. Animal. Science, 37(2), 42 – 51. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v37i2.9880
Darmin, V., Twenfosel, O., Dato, D., & Mullik, M.L. (2023). Pengaruh rasio karbon nitrogen dalam ensilage campuran mukuna lokal (mucuna sp) dan rumput kume (sorghum plumosum var. timorense) segar terhadap kandungan nutrisi produk. Jurnal Nukleus Peternakan,9(2),127-135. https://doi.org/10.35508/nukleus.v9i2.7835
Hartinger, T., Gresner, N., & Südekum, K.H. (2019). Effect of wilting intensity, dry matter content and sugar addition on nitrogen fractions in lucerne silages. Agriculture, 9,1- 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9010011
Harun, A.Y. & Sali, K. (2019). Factors affecting rumen microbial protein synthesis: A review. Vet. Med. Open J, 4,27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17140/VMOJ-4-133
Hassan, F.U., Arshad, M.A., Ebeid, H.M., Rehman, M.S., Khan, M.S.S., & Hahid, S. (2020). Phytogenic additives can modulate rumen microbiome to mediate fermentation kinetics and methanogenesis through exploiting diet-microbe interaction. Front Vet Sci, 7,575801. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.575801
Hoy, C.P.E., Hartati, E., & Lestari, G.Y. (2023). Pengaruh silase pakan komplit berbasis sorgum clitoria ternatea dengan penambahan berbagai level konsentrat mengandung ZnSO4 dan ZnCu Isoleusinat terhadap Fermentasi Rumen In Vitro. Animal Agricultura, 1(2),79-89. https://doi.org/10.59891/animacultura.v1i2.18
Juliantoni, J., Adelina, T., Mirdhayati, I., & Afriani, A.S. (2023). Penambahan inokulum yang berbeda pada ampas tebu fermentasi terhadap kualitas nutrisi. Musamus Journal of Livestock Science, 6(1),1-7. https://doi.org/10.35724/mjls.v6i1.4770
Jiang, F., Cheng, H., Liu, D., Wei, C., An, W., Wang, Y., Sun, H., and Song, E. (2020). Treatment of Whole-Plant Corn Silage with Lactic Acid Bacteria and Organic Acid Enhances Quality by Elevating Acid Content, Reducing pH, and Inhibiting Undesirable Microorganisms. Front. Microbiol, 11, 593088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.593088
Li , X., Cheng, Y., Yang, F., Hu, J., Ma, R., Liu, H., & Shao, T. (2024). Improving total mixed ration silage:Effects of lactic acid bacteria inoculants and antimicrobial additives on fermentation quality and aerobic stability. Agronomy, 14(8),1602. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14081602
Oliveira, A.S., Weinberg, Z.G., Ogunade, I.M., Cervantes, A.A.P., Arriola, K.G., Jiang, Y., Kim, D., Li, X., Gonçalves, M.C.M., Vyas, D. (2017) Meta-analysis of effects of inoculation with homofermentative and facultative heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria on silage fermentation, aerobic stability, and the performance of dairy cows. J. Dairy Scii, 100, 4587–4603. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-11815
Palmonari, A., Cavallini, D., Sniffen, C. J., Fernandes, L., Holder, P., Fagioli, L., Fusaro, I., Giammarco, M., Formigoni, A., & Mammi, L. (2021). In vitro evaluation of sugar digestibility in molasses. Ital. J. Anim. Sci, 20,571–577. https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2021.1899063
Kaiser, A.G. (2004). Silage additives. Chapter 7 in Successful Silage. Kaiser AG, Piltz JW, Burns HM, Griffiths NW. (eds). Dairy Australia and New South Wales Department of Primary Industries. New South Wales, Australia.
Lazarus, E.J.L., Lawa, E.D.W., Manu, A.E., & Oematan, G. (2025). Efektivitas pollard sebagai aditif dalam silase limbah sayur kubis: komposisi kimia, kecernaan, dan fermentasi in vitro. Rekasatwa Jurnal Ilmiah Peternakan, 7(2), 58-69. https://doi.org/10.33474/rekapet.v7i2.23716
Li, X., Cheng, Y., Yang, F., Hu, J., Ma, R., Liu, H., & Shao T. (2024). Improving total mixed ration silage:Effects of lactic acid bacteria inoculants and antimicrobial additives on fermentation quality and aerobic stability. Agronomy, 14(8),1602. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14081602
Liu, ZZ., Liu, J., Li, N., Xie, W., Qin, Feng & Zhi, W., (2020). Analysis of the development status of silage industry in China. Herbology, 251:70–75. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14091484
Pires, A.J.V., Garcia, R., Souza, A.D., Silva, F.F., Veloso, C.M., Cardoso, G.C. & Silva, P.A. (2003). Sorghum silage treated with anhydrous ammonia and, or, sodium sulfide added to the diet for ¾ Indubrazil/Holstein steers. R. Bras. Zootec, 32,152–153.
Rafles, Harahap., A.E., & Febrina, D. (2016). Nilai nutrisi ampas tebu (bagasse) yang difermentasi menggunakan starbio® pada level yang berbeda. Jurnal Peternakan, 13 (2), 59-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/jupet.v13i2.2420
Resthu, M., Risna, Y.K., Pratama, S.M., & Saputra, W. (2022). Pengaruh penambahan suplemen organik cair (SOC) terhadap kandungan nutrisi pelepah sawit fermentasi. Journal of Livestock and Animal Health, 5(2),73-77. https://doi.org/10.32530/jlah.v5i2.563
Rahmaini, Kartono, Joharsah, Zendrato, D.P., Sianipar, R.R., & Permata, A. (2022). Evaluasi nutrisi daun dan pelepah sawit pada teknik pengolahan berbeda sebagai pakan ternak ruminansia. Jurnal Sains Agro. 7(2),197-210. https://doi.org/10.36355/jsa.v6i2.1495.
Samsiah, Maritje, A., Hilakore, Lazarus, E.J.L., & Lawa, E.D.W. (2023). Penggunaan karbohidrat mudah larut dalam pembuatan silase isi rumen sapi terhadap bahan kering, bahan organik dan kecernaan in vitro. Jurnal Ilmiah Peternakan, 5(2),52-59. https://doi.org/10.33474/rekasatwa.v5i2.20807
Sugara A., Adrizal & I. Ryanto. 2020. Pengaruh penggunaan limbah kubis dalam silase ransum komplit Sberbasis limbah tebu terhadap kecernaan bahan kering, bahan organik, dan VFA secara in vitro.Jurnal Ilmu Ternak. 20(1):10-16. https://doi.org/10.24198/jit.v20i1.27531
Suryani, & Wijaya, M.T.H. (2025). Inovasi pakan fermentasi berbasis limbah pertanian untuk meningkatkan produktivitas sapi potong. Science Technology and Agriculture Journal. 6(2),343-354. https://doi.org/10.37638/sinta.6.2.343-354
Sousa, A.W., Rigueira, J.P.S., Almeida-Moura, M.M., Jesus, D.L., Monção, F.P., Rocha-Júnior, V.R., & Silva, M.F. (2020). Fermentative características and nutricional value of sugarcane silage added with to tese of urea. Rev. Colomb. De Cienc. Pecu, 33, 182–194
Tilley, J.M.A & Terry, R.A. (1963). a Two‐Stage Technique for the in Vitro Digestion of Forage Crops. Grass Forage Sci,18(2),104–111. doi:10.1111/j.1365- 2494.1963.tb00335.x. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1963.tb00335.x
Utomo, R., Budhi, S.P.S., & Astuti, I.F. (2013). Pengaruh level onggok sebagai aditif terhadap kualitas silase isi rumen sapi. Buletin Peternakan, 37(3),173-180. https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v37i3.3089
Wang, M.Z., Yang, S.H., Liu, F.Y., Zhang, Z.B., & Zhao, J. (2021). Research progress on preparation technology of slow-release urea and its application in ruminant production. Chin. Dairy, 237,32–39. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14162296
Wang, Y., Sun, Y., Huang, K.H., Gao, Y., Lin, Y., Yuan, B., Wang, X., Xu, G., Nussio, L.G, Yang F., & Ni, K., (2024) Multi-omics analysis reveals the core microbiome and biomarker for nutrition degradation in alfalfa silage fermentation. ASM J, 9,11,1–17. https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00682-24
Yanza Y.R, Fitri A, Suwignyo B, Elfahmi Hidayatik N & Kumalasari N.R. 2021.` The utilisation of tannin extract as a dietary additive in ruminant nutrition:A meta-analysis. Animals (Basel) 2021;11(11):3317. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11113317
Yao, M.,Wang, H., Lin, X., Li, W., Liu,W., & Huang, M.(2024). Effects of different levels of molasses and complex bacterial enzyme preparations on nutritional value and fermentation quality of fresh corn stalk silage. China Feed, 21, 137–141. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-025-04023-2
Zhang, N., Zhou, Y., Ali, A., Wang, T., Wang, X., & Sun, X. (2024). Effect of molasses addition on the fermentation quality and microbial community during mixed microstorage of seed pumpkin Peel residue and sunflower stalks. Fermentation, 10, 314. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10060314.
Zhang, H., Wu, J., Gao, L..,Yu, J.,Yuan, X., Zhu, W.,Wang, X., and Cui, Z. 2018. Aerobic Deterioration of Corn Stalk Silage and Its Effect on Methane Production and Microbial Community Dynamics in Anaerobic Digestion. Bioresour. Technol, 250, 828–837. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.149
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Anwar Efendi Harahap, Dewi Ananda Mucra, Sigit Sepriadi, Safna Anita Lobika

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.