PERUBAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK HIDROLOGI DAS JENEBERANG MENGGUNAKAN MODEL SWAT

Abstract

Land use change is one of the dominant driving factors of watershed hydrological change. Thus, hydrological responses to land-use change require detailed assessments to ensure sustainable management of water resources and natural ecosystems. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) has been widely used to simulate the impact of land use change on water balance. The research location is in the Jeneberang watershed, South Sulawesi Province. Jeneberang River is a large river located in the western part of the administrative area of the Municipality of Makassar, the capital of the South Sulawesi Province. Analysis of land-use change is done by comparing land use in the period of 2012 and 2016. Hydrological analysis in 2012 and 2016 is a validation of the SWAT model that has been calibrated in the analysis process of hydrological characteristics. The process produces hydrological characteristics for each period of land use. The SWAT model is able to predict the effect of land use on the hydrological characteristics of the Jeneberang watershed. The hydrological characteristics of the Jeneberang watershed in 2016 as a result of the analysis of the SWAT model are shown by total river water, surface flow, lateral flow, and bottom flow respectively 175.18 mm, 413.63 mm, 44.29 mm, and 370.03 mm. While the KRS and C values are respectively 0.21 and 5165. Changes in Jeneberang watershed land use in 2012-2016 affect hydrological characteristics. The total amount of river water, KRS value, and C value in 2012 and 2016 were 175.18 mm, 837.45, and 0.03 to 848.19 mm, 5165, and 0.21, respectively.